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amylase

Normal Values:
Amylase: 20 to 96 U/L

Amylase and Lipase

Substances of the pancreas which are increased in blood whenever there is a pancreatic injury.

Analysis of Celiac disease

Antibodies anti Ttg IgA
Anticuerpos AntiEndomysial

Angiography

Angiography is a technique based on x-rays to study the vessels and its way through any area of the body, through the use of a special dye called contrast material, which is introduced through a catheter inside the vessel.

This technique, besides studying vessels, has a therapeutic use because it is possible to inject different medication inside the vessel.

Angioplasty

It's a minimally invasive procedure to improve the blood flow in the arteries and veins of the body that are obstructed or enlarged.
It consists of a mechanical dilation of the obstruction of a vessel through a catheter, inserted in the skin and guided through images, that has a balloon in the distal end. After dilation, a prosthesis called Stent is implanted, which expands due to the mechanical action of the balloon and acts as a support of the vessel to maintain it open.
It's mainly performed under local anesthesia.
Any procedure that implies the use of a catheter in a vessel has some risks. These include the damage of the vessel, hematoma in the area where the needle is put and infection.

Ankle pain Physical Examination

The doctor may perform the following examination or exploration:
.Control of Cardiac Frequency (Normal: 60 to 100 beats/minute)
.Control of Breathing Frequency (Normal: 16 to 20 breathing cycles/minute)
.Control of Temperature (Normal: 36,5 - 37 °C)
.Control of Blood Pressure (Normal: ≤ 120/80 mmHg)
Ankle Examination
.Observation (or Inspection)
.Palpation (or touching): to know if there is some area that causes pain and to examine if there is any injury that may be perceived by touching.
.Ankle joint mobility examination: if it is or it is not restrained.
.Skin examination (colour, temperature, presence of any injury)
.Achilles (ankle) reflex evaluation; it's an evaluation of the reaction of the ankle when a small strike with a hammer is given.
Walking evaluation: to know if you can walk by yourself alone or you need help.

Anoscopy

Invasive study which examines the interior of the anal canal (tube that connects the rectum and the outside).
The doctor uses a thin and flexible tube which has a lens and a light, called endoscope; and sees the images in a video monitor.

anti -Thyroid peroxidase

Normal value: less than 0,3 UI/ml

Anti-dsDNA antibodies

Anti-dsDNA antibodies are proteins generated by the immune system (defense system) against genetic material of cells (DNA)
The test consists of a blood sample, thorough venipuncture to determine the presence of these antibodies.

anti-gliadin

Negative

Anti-Sm antibodies

These are proteins generated by the immune system (defense system) against a nuclear protein.
The test consists of a blood sample, through venipuncture to determine the presence of these types of antibodies. It usually appears almost exclusively in Lupus, but in many patients the test is negative

anti-Thyroid Peroxidase

Normal value: less than 0,3 UI/ml

anti-Thyroid Peroxidase (anti-TPO)

Normal value: lesser than 0,3 UI/ml

anti-Thyroid Peroxidase (TPQ)

Normal Value: less than 0,3 ul/ml

Anti-Transglutaminase

Negative

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